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The reason why the standard gauge is 1435mm is stipulated by the International Railway Association.
In 1937, 1435mm was established as the standard rail, that is, the common rail (equal to 4 feet 8 inches in British system). Sixty percent of the world's railways have standard track. This common gauge is also called the standard or international gauge. The gauge wider than the standard gauge is called the broad gauge, and the gauge narrower than the standard gauge is called the narrow gauge.
One of the main reasons for the organisation's decision is to honour Stephenson, a Briton who is known as the father of the world's railways. As early as 1825, the great inventor created the original "Sport" steam engine, which pulled the world's first passenger train and caused a sensation. At the time, the railroad's gauge was 4 feet 8 1/2 inches, a measure derived from the distance between the carriage wheels. Ancient chariots were driven by two horses, and the width of the rear of the two horses side by side determined the mode of the wheels. This width was set at 4 feet 8 inches and a half, which in metric terms was 1435 millimeters.
Today, although most countries use 1435mm wide gauges, there are still more than 30 different ones. The narrow ones are 610 mm, 762 mm, 891 mm, the medium ones are 1,000 mm, 1067 mm, 1372 mm, 1435 mm, and even the wide ones are 1,524 mm, 1880 mm, and 2,141 mm.
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